A tooth is composed of a crown and one or more roots, included in the alveolar bone. The crown represents the visible part of the tooth.

A tooth is formed using 4 different tissues: enamel, dentin, cementum and finally, pulp.

The enamel, which is the outermost part of the crown, is mainly composed of mineral elements, giving it strength and robustness. It protects the tooth from external aggressions. However, it can undergo alterations that will facilitate the spread of bacteria and cavities on the tooth.

Under the enamel is dentin, a less mineralized framework. The pulp, the central part of the tooth, contains nerves and blood vessels, thus allowing the tooth to be irrigated. As the tooth is alive, it is the cementum that will allow it to create its exchanges with the surrounding tissues, such as the gums.